Abigail Adams

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Abigail Smith was born on November 11, 1744, in Weymouth, Massachusetts. She was the daughter of Reverend William Smith and Elizabeth Quincy Smith. As Abigail grew up in a home where time seemed to pass quickly she concluded that she must make an adequate use of it by submerging herself in the education within her reach. However, Abigail's family library was not enough to pacify her inquisitive young mind. At an early age Abigail realized the advantages men had over women in her society. The two main reasons that inspired this observation were the gap Abigail discovered when she wished to expand her mind and the fact that she had grown up in the age of Reason and Enlightenment. During this period, independent thinking was encouraged, greatly affecting Abigail's view point. Abigail had been informally taught by her grandmother, but unlike men, she could not attend a school that would teach her much more than domestic responsibilities (e.g. sewing). Abigail had ideas of men and women having equal educations, but was limited to reading and letter writing. At this early age Abigail had established herself as an inquisitive yet strong headed female.

Abigail married John Adams on October 25, 1764. Abigail and John were a perfect match and loved each other immensely. Abigail was a column of support in John's life. Through the years John's position in politics kept him moving. Abigail had the difficult job of caring for their children and taking care of all aspects of the family farm. Though they were apart for long periods of time, Abigail and John kept their unique love alive through letter writing.

Abigail was a very social person and was a skilled letter writer. In her letters to various people she expressed many of her beliefs, including how she felt about the role of women in society. In one of these letters written on March 3, 1776, Abigail wrote to John reminding him and his fellow Congressmen while they were working on the Declaration of Independence to:
Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hands of the Husbands. Remember all men would be tyrants if they could. If perticular care and attention is not paid to the Laidies we are determined to foment a Rebellion, an will not hold ourselves bound by any laws in which we have no voice, or Representation.

Abigail was one of the first female to voice her opinion with such force. The ideal woman during the late 1770's was one who supported her husband and always worked behind the scenes while the husbands took the action. Going against the average woman of the day Abigail Adams became a role model for women who felt their gender was oppressed. She showed people that women had the right to equality with men.
--Laura Klivans '00, student at Noble & Greenough
--history teacher: L.E. Hartmann
--sources: Levin, Phyllis Lee

. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987

Graphic of Abigail Adams

Related Web Sites for Abigail Adams

  1. Brief autobiography of John Adams, Abigail's husband
  2. Brief biography and portrait of Abigail Adams among other first ladies
  3. Brief biography of Abigail Adams.